Evaluation, Development and Introduction of International Biodiversity and Landscape Standards for Organic Agriculture
Landscape values, like biodiversity and landscape aesthetics are more and more important products of agriculture. However, there are many organic and biodynamic farms which show lower values than the average for conventional farms. The reason is simple: there exist no corresponding standards in the current organic and biodynamic guidelines.
Our institute, in co-operation with the biodynamic movement in Switzerland (Section for Agriculture, Goetheanum, Dornach) and the International Federation of Organic Agricultural Movements (IFOAM), initiated moves to take this aspect into consideration with a study containing an analysis of the current situation and concrete proposals for such standards. Several expert meetings and symposia have taken place since. In 2003, IFOAM established an expert group that includes our institute to broadly evaluate the existing proposals and to elaborate viable standards for biodiversity and landscape quality.
The IFOAM General Assembly will vote in 2006 on whether the proposals should be added to the ‚International Basic Standards‘ (IBS) of Organic Agriculture.
The IBS implementation will be accompanied by extension programmes to assure acceptability and positive effects of the standards on the individual organic farms. A key element will be the manual for agricultural biodiversity that is in elaboration by the ELPR company.
Publications:
- Bosshard A. 2005: Implementing biodiversity standards: The need for extension. In: Stolton S. & B. Geier (Eds.): The Role of Organic Agriculture for Biodiversity – its contribution today and its potential tomorrow. Proceedings of the 3rd International IFOAM/IUCN Conference on Biodiversity and Organic Agriculture, Nairobi, 24.-26.9.04.
- Bosshard A. 2003: Actual and Potential Role of Organic and Traditional Agriculture for the Conservation of Biodiversity. In: The Potential of Organic Farming for Biodiversity. In: Stolton S, D. Metera, B. Geier & A. Kärcher (eds.) 2003: The Potential of Organic Farming for Biodiversity. Münster (Landwirtschaftsverlag), p. 67-78.
- Bosshard A. 2002: Participation of different actors in a landscape. In: Bastian O. & U. Steinhardt (eds.): Development and Perspectives of Landscape Ecology, pp. 424-432. Kluwer. ISBN 1-4020-0919-4.
- Bosshard A. & T. van Elsen 2002: Gesichtspunkte zur Landschaftsentwicklung auf dem biologisch-dynamischen Hof. In: Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Verein für biologisch-dynamische Landwirtschaft (Hrsg.): Leitfaden zur biologisch-dynamischen Landwirtschaft, Kapitel 6: Landschaftsentwicklung. Frick und Münchenstein (CH). 15 S.
- Bosshard A. 2000: A methodology and terminology of sustainability assessment and its perspectives for rural planning. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 77, 29-41. Bosshard A. 1997: What does objectivity mean for analysis, valuation and implementation in agricultural landscape planning? A practical and epistemological approach to the search for sustainability in „agriculture“. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 63, 133-143.
- Bosshard A. 1998: Betriebsstruktur und ökologische Leistung der Landwirtschaft. Agrarforschung 5 (10), 463-466.